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This page serves as the equivalent of a table of contents in a printed book. It contains an updated list of all substantive articles in the Toolkit.
About the project[edit | edit source]
Scenarios[edit | edit source]
- Scenario 01: Election interference
- Scenario 02: Political espionage
- Scenario 03: Power grid
- Scenario 04: International organizations
- Scenario 05: Criminal investigation
- Scenario 06: Enabling State
- Scenario 07: Hacking tools
- Scenario 08: Certificate authority
- Scenario 09: Economic espionage
- Scenario 10: Cyber weapons
- Scenario 11: Surveillance tools
- Scenario 12: Computer data
- Scenario 13: Armed conflict
- Scenario 14: Ransomware campaign
- Scenario 15: Cyber deception
- Scenario 16: High seas
- Scenario 17: Collective responses
- Scenario 18: Cyber operators
- Scenario 19: Hate speech
- Scenario 20: Medical facilities
- Scenario 21: Misattribution
- Scenario 22: Methods of warfare
- Scenario 23: Vaccine research
- Scenario 24: Internet blockage
- Scenario 25: Humanitarian assistance
- Scenario 26: Export licensing
- Scenario 27: Redirecting attacks
- Scenario 28: Incidental harm
Legal concepts[edit | edit source]
General international law[edit | edit source]
- Applicability of international law
- Jurisdiction
- State responsibility
- Attribution
- Breach of an international obligation
- Responses and justifications
- Circumstances precluding wrongfulness
- Consent
- Self-defence (state responsibility)
- Countermeasures
- Force majeure
- Distress
- Plea of necessity
- Retorsion
- Circumstances precluding wrongfulness
- Due diligence
- Sovereignty
- Prohibition of intervention
- Prohibition of genocide
- Transboundary harm
- Voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible state behavior
- Legally binding unilateral declarations of States
- Cyber operations not per se regulated by international law
Specialised regimes of peacetime international law[edit | edit source]
- Diplomatic and consular law
- Law of the sea
- Air law
- Space law
- International telecommunication law
- International human rights law
- International criminal law
- International export control law
Use of force, conflict and international law[edit | edit source]
- Peaceful settlement of disputes
- International law on the use of force (jus ad bellum)
- International humanitarian law (jus in bello)
- Conflict qualification
- Conduct of hostilities
- Specially protected persons, objects, and activities
- Occupation
- Neutrality
Real-world examples[edit | edit source]
- 2022
- Costa Rica ransomware attack (2022)
- Homeland Justice operations against Albania (2022)
- Kazakhstan internet blockage (2022)
- Predatory Sparrow operation against Iranian steel maker (2022)
- Viasat KA-SAT attack (2022)
- HermeticWiper malware attack (2022)
- Cyber operations against government systems in Ukraine (January 2022)
- 2021
- 2020
- German hospital ransomware attack (2020)
- African Union headquarters hack (2020)
- Brno University Hospital ransomware attack (2020)
- Google shutting down an active counterterrorism operation (2020)
- SolarWinds (2020)
- Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine data modification and leak (2020)
- Israel’s water facilities attack (2020)
- APT32 attacks on Chinese government (2020)
- 2019
- Cyber interference against vessels in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman (2019)
- Iranian internet blackout (2019)
- Israeli attack against Hamas cyber headquarters in Gaza (2019)
- Russia's sovereign internet (2019 onward)
- Springhill Medical Center ransomware attack (2019)
- Texas Municipality ransomware attack (2019)
- 2018
- 2017
- 2016
- 2015
- 2014
- 2012
- 2011
- 2010
- 2008
- 2007
National positions[edit | edit source]
- Australia (2020)
- Brazil (2021)
- Canada (2022)
- China (2021)
- Czech Republic (2020)
- Estonia (2019 and 2021)
- Finland (2020)
- France (2019)
- Germany (2021)
- Iran (2020)
- Israel (2020)
- Italy (2021)
- Japan (2021)
- Kazakhstan (2021)
- Kenya (2021)
- Netherlands (2019)
- New Zealand (2020)
- Norway (2021)
- Pakistan (2023)
- Poland (2022)
- Romania (2021)
- Russia (2021)
- Singapore (2021)
- Sweden (2022)
- Switzerland (2021)
- United Kingdom (2018, 2021 and 2022)
- United States (2012, 2016, 2020 and 2021)
Keywords[edit | edit source]
2007 2008 2010 2011 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Advanced persistent threat Applicability of international law Article 36 Attack (international humanitarian law) Attacks against persons Attribution Breach of an international obligation Causation Combatancy Computer data Conduct of hostilities Countermeasures Crime of genocide Crimes against humanity Critical infrastructure Cyber weapons Cybercrime DDoS Deception Defacement Diplomatic and consular law Direct participation in hostilities Distinction Due diligence Economic cyber espionage Effective control Election interference Evidence Example Flag State jurisdiction Freedom of navigation Hospitals Humanitarian assistance Hybrid threats Indiscriminate attack Individual criminal responsibility under international law Industrial control system International armed conflict International cooperation International export control law International human rights law International humanitarian law International organization International sanctions International telecommunication law Internationalization Internet access Inviolability Law of the sea Legal concepts Legal personality Legal review of cyber weapons Legally binding unilateral declarations of States Malware Maritime law enforcement Means and methods of cyber warfare Medical units Methods and means of warfare Military objectives Misattribution Mistake of fact Misuse of established indicators National position Neutrality Non-State actors Non-international armed conflict Object Overall control Peaceful settlement of disputes Peacetime cyber espionage Perfidy and ruses of war Persona non grata Plea of necessity Premises of the mission Principle of precautions Prohibition of genocide Prohibition of intervention Proportionality Ransomware Retorsion Right to life Scenario Self-defence Sovereign immunity Sovereignty Specially protected persons, objects and activities State organs State responsibility Stuxnet Supply chain Surveillance Targeted restrictive measures Targeting Threats Transboundary harm Use of force Voluntary norms War crimes Weapons review